New South Wales

New South Wales is a state on the east coast of Australia. The Colony of New South Wales was founded as a British penal colony in 1788. It originally comprised more than half of the Australian mainland in 1825. The colony then also included the island territories of New Zealand, Van Diemen’s Land, Lord Howe Island, and Norfolk Island.

During the 19th century, most of the colony’s area was detached to form separate British colonies that eventually became New Zealand and the various states and territories of Australia. However, the Swan River Colony was never administered as part of New South Wales.

Lord Howe Island remains part of New South Wales, while Norfolk Island has become a federal territory, as have the areas now known as the Australian Capital Territory and the Jervis Bay Territory.

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